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Effects of Chronic and Acute Stress on Clusterin Secretion of the Rat Submandibular Gland

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Abstract

±¸°­ ³»¿¡ ¹ß»ýµÇ´Â ÁúȯÀÇ ´ëºÎºÐÀÌ Å¸¾×ÀÇ ¿µÇâÀ» ¹Þ´Â´Ù´Â »ç½Ç°ú Ÿ¾×¿¡ ¿µÇâÀ» ÁÖ´Â Àü½ÅÀûÀÎ ¿ä¼Ò Áß¿¡¼­µµ ½ºÆ®·¹½º°¡ Áß¿äÇÏ´Ù´Â °ÍÀº ÀÌ¹Ì Àß ¾Ë·ÁÁ® ÀÖÀ¸³ª, ½ºÆ®·¹½º°¡ Ÿ¾×¼±¿¡ ¹ÌÄ¡´Â ¿µÇâ¿¡ °üÇؼ­´Â ÀÚÀ²½Å°æ¿¡ ÀÇÇÑ °Å½ÃÀû ¹ÝÀÀ¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿©¸¸ ¼Ò°³°¡ µÇ¾úÀ» »Ó ¼¼Æ÷¼öÁØÀÇ ¹Ì½ÃÀû º¯È­¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿©´Â º°´Ù¸¥ ¾ð±ÞÀÌ ¾ø¾ú´Ù.. ÀÌ¿¡ º» ¿¬±¸¿¡¼­´Â ´Ù¾çÇÑ ½ºÆ®·¹½º Á¶°ÇÇÏ¿¡¼­ ¹é¼­ÀÇ ¾ÇÇϼ±ÀÌ ¾î¶°ÇÑ º¯È­¸¦ º¸ÀÌ´ÂÁö¸¦ clusterin ÀÇ ¹ßÇö¾ç»óÀ» °üÂûÇÔÀ¸·Î½á À¯ÃßÇغ¸°íÀÚ ÇÏ¿´´Ù.
ºÎ¿©ÇÒ ½ºÆ®·¹½º Á¶°ÇÀ» ±Þ¼º ±¸¼Ó½ºÆ®·¹½º¿Í ¸¸¼º Àú°­µµ ½ºÆ®·¹½ºÀÇ µÎ °¡Áö·Î Á¤ÇÏ°í 7ÁÖµÈ Sprague-Dawley°è ¿õ¼º¹é¼­ 51¸¶¸®¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÏ¿© Á¤ÇØÁø ±â°£µ¿¾È ±Þ¼º ±¸¼Ó½ºÆ®·¹½º¿Í ¸¸¼º Àú°­µµ ºñ¿¹Ãø¼º ½ºÆ®·¹½º (CUMS)¸¦ °¡ÇÑ ÈÄ Èñ»ýÇÏ¿© ¾ÇÇϼ±À» ÀýÃëÇÏ°í ¿ª½Ã ¸é¿ªÁ¶Á÷È­Çйý°ú ¿þ½ºÅÏ ¸é¿ªÁ¡Àû¹ýÀ» ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ¿© ¾ÇÇϼ±¿¡¼­ clusterin¹ßÇöÀÇ ½Ã°£¿¡ µû¸¥ º¯È­¸¦ °üÂûÇÏ¿´À¸¸ç, ±× °á°ú´Â ´ÙÀ½°ú °°´Ù:
1. ±Þ¼º ±¸¼Ó½ºÆ®·¹½º ±º¿¡¼­, Clusterin ÀÌ ¹ßÇöµÈ ¸ðµç ¼±Æ÷ÀÇ ÇÕÀº 1½Ã°£ ±ºÀ» Á¦¿ÜÇÑ ¸ðµç ½ÇÇ豺 (9½Ã°£, 24½Ã°£, 72½Ã°£, 120½Ã°£, ±×¸®°í 168½Ã°£ ±º) ¿¡¼­ ´ëÁ¶±º¿¡ ºñÇÏ¿© À¯ÀǼº ÀÖ°Ô °¨¼ÒÇÏ´Â °æÇâÀ» º¸¿´´Ù (p£¼0.001).
2. ¸¸¼ºÀú°­µµ½ºÆ®·¹½º ±º¿¡¼­, ´ëÁ¶±º¿¡ ´ëÇÑ clusterinÀÌ ¹ßÇöµÈ ¸ðµç ¼±Æ÷ÀÇ ÇÕÀº, 2ÁÖ±º(p£¼0.01)¿¡¼­ ´ëÁ¶±º¿¡ ºñÇÏ¿© À¯ÀÇÇÏ°Ô Áõ°¡µÇ´Â ¸ð½ÀÀ» º¸¿©ÁÖ¾ú°í, 4ÁÖ±º(p£¼0.01)°ú 5ÁÖ±º(p£¼0.001)¿¡¼­ ´ëÁ¶±º¿¡ ºñÇÏ¿© À¯ÀǼº ÀÖ°Ô °¨¼ÒÇÏ´Â °æÇâÀ» º¸¿´´Ù.
3. ¸¸¼º Àú°­µµ ½ºÆ®·¹½º ½ÇÇè¿¡¼­ 4ÁÖ°±îÁö´Â ´ëÁ¶±º°ú ½ÇÇ豺°£ÀÇ ´ç¼±È£µµ Â÷ÀÌ¿¡ À־ À¯ÀÇÇÑ º¯È­°¡ º¸ÀÌÁö ¾Ê¾ÒÀ¸³ª, 5ÁÖ°¿¡ À¯ÀǼº ÀÖ´Â °¨¼Ò¸¦ ³ªÅ¸³»¾ú´Ù(p£¼0.001).
4. ¸¸¼º Àú°­µµ ½ºÆ®·¹½º ºÎ¿©±ºÀº 5ÁÖ° ´ëÁ¶±º¿¡ ºñÇÏ¿© À¯ÀǼº Àִ üÁߺ¯È­(p£¼0.001)¸¦ º¸¿©ÁÖ¾úÀ¸³ª, ¼öºÐ¼·Ãë·®ÀÇ º¯È­´Â À¯ÀǼº ÀÖ´Â »ó°ü°ü°è¸¦ º¸¿©ÁÖÁö ¸øÇÏ¿´´Ù.
5. ¸é¿ªÁ¡Àû°Ë»ç¸¦ ½ÃÇàÇÑ °á°ú, ±¸¼Ó½ºÆ®·¹½º ±º¿¡¼­´Â clusterinÀÇ ¹ßÇöÀÌ ½Ã°£¿¡ µû¶ó ÀÏÁ¤ÇÏ°Ô °¨¼ÒÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ¸·Î Ç¥ÇöµÇ¾ú°í, CUMS ±º¿¡¼­´Â 2ÁÖ°±îÁö´Â Áõ°¡ÇÏ´Ù°¡ 3ÁÖ ÀÌÈĺÎÅÍ ½ÇÇè Àü±â°£¿¡ °ÉÃÄ °¨¼ÒÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ¸·Î ³ªÅ¸³µÀ¸¸ç ÀÌ´Â ´ç¼±È£µµ ¹× ¸ö¹«°Ô º¯È­ÀÇ ¾ç»óÀÇ º¯È­¿Í Å©°Ô ´Ù¸£Áö ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù.
µû¶ó¼­ À§ÀÇ ½ÇÇè°á°ú¸¦ ³õ°í º¼ ¶§, Ÿ¾×¼± clusterinÀÇ ¹ßÇöÀÌ ±Þ¼º°ú ¸¸¼º¿¡ °ü°è¾øÀÌ ½ºÆ®·¹½º ºÎ¿© ÈÄ¿¡ °¨¼ÒÇÏ¿´Áö¸¸, ´Ù¸¥ ¹®Çå¿¡¼­ Á¦¾ÈµÈ °Íó·³ clusterin ÀÇ °í°¥¿¡ ÀÇÇÑ ¼¼Æ÷ÀÚ»çÀû º¯È­´Â °üÂûµÇÁö ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù.
µû¶ó¼­ ÇâÈÄ º¸´Ù °­È­µÈ °­µµÀÇ ±Þ¼º½ºÆ®·¹½º¸¦ ºÎ¿©ÇÏ´Â ¹æ¹ý°ú ´õ Àå±âÀûÀ¸·Î ÁøÇàµÈ ¿¬±¸¸¦ ÅëÇÏ¿© °í°­µµ ½ºÆ®·¹½º¿¡¼­ clusterinÀÇ ¹ßÇö°¨¼Ò¿Í ÇÔ²² ¼¼Æ÷ÀÇ º¯¼ºÀ̳ª Àڻ簡 ÃÊ·¡µÇ´ÂÁö, Àú°­µµ ½ºÆ®·¹½ºÀÇ °æ¿ì Àå±â°£ ½Ã°£ÀÌ °æ°úÇÔ¿¡ µû¶ó ¿ø·¡ÀÇ »óÅ¿¡ °¡±õ°Ô ȸº¹µÇ´ÂÁö, ´Ù¸¥ ¿­ Ãæ°Ý ´Ü¹éÁúÀ̳ª ¼¼Æ÷ »ç¸ê ½Ã¿¡ ³ªÅ¸³ª´Â ´Ü¹éÁúµéÀ» µ¿½Ã¿¡ È®ÀÎÇÏ¿© º¸´Â °ÍÀÌ ÇÊ¿äÇÒ °ÍÀ¸·Î »ç·áµÈ´Ù.

The aim of this study is to know how the rat submandibular gland changes under various emotional stress condition, using molecular biological methods.
Restraint and chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) experiment is conducted on fifty one 7-week old Sprague-Dawley rats(restraint stress experiment: 21, CUMS: 30). The rats were sacrificed, the submandibular glands were excised immediately at certain time, and examined by the use of immunohistochemistry and western blotting. In CUMS experiment, sucrose preference test, water intake change, weight change were implemented at 1 week interval for the experimental period
The results are as follows:
1. The number of clusterin-secreting cells of restraint stress group compared to control group showed significantly decreasing tendency in all experimental groups except for the 1st hour group (p£¼0.001 in the 9th, 24th, 72nd, 120th, and 168th hour group).
2. The number of clusterin-secreting cells of CUMS group compared to control group showed significantly increasing tendency in the 2nd week group (p£¼0.01), and significantly decreasing tendency in the 4th and 5th week group (p£¼0.001).
3. Sucrose preference test in CUMS experiment showed significant difference between the 5th week experimental group and control group (p£¼0.01).
4. Weight change in CUMS experiment showed significant difference between the 5th week experimental group and control group (p£¼0.01), but water intake change didn¡¯t show significant difference compared to control group.
5. In western blot analysis, clusterin expression was decreased on a gradual basis in due time compared to the control group in the restraint stress group. As for CUMS group (chronic unpredictable mild stress group), it was increased till the 2nd week and decreased till the 5th week after that, which is similar to immunohistochemical analysis result and the decreasing tendency of sucrose preference and weigh changes.
Through the test, it was proved that expression of clusterin in saliva glands decreases after receiving either acute or chronic stress, indicating relation with depression caused by chronic stress. Unlike other data, however, apoptotic tendency was hardly found in tissues. Diverse possibilities could be suggested on that: first, the stress was not enough to expedite apoptosis; second, apoptosis-related protein was already being secreted though not detected with microscope; third, clusterin, a major secretion molecule of saliva, decreased with saliva¡¯s malfunction due to stress. In the respect, it will be necessary to examine proteins expressed in case of cell death or other heat-shock proteins at the same time, in order to see whether any cellular change or death is caused by decreasing clusterin under high stress, and whether the original state is restored as time goes by under mild stress, through longer-term tests using even higher acute stress.

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Salivary gland;Stress;Clusterin;Immunohistochemistry;Western blot;Ÿ¾×¼±;½ºÆ®·¹½º;¸é¿ªÁ¶Á÷È­Çйý;¿þ½ºÅÏ ¸é¿ªÁ¡Àû¹ý

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